#include "eyebot.h"The following libraries are available in ROM for programming in C and are automatically linked when calling "gcc68" and the like (using librobi.a).
Data Types: /* image is 80x60 but has a border of 1 pixel */ #define imagecolumns 82 #define imagerows 62 typedef BYTE image[imagerows][imagecolumns]; typedef BYTE colimage[imagerows][imagecoulmns][3]; int IPLaplace (image *src, image *dest); Input: (src) source b/w image Output: (dest) destination b/w image Semantics: The Laplace operator is applied to the source image and the result is written to the destination image int IPSobel (image *src, image *dest); Input: (src) source b/w image Output: (dest) destination b/w image Semantics: The Sobel operator is applied to the source image and the result is written to the destination image int IPDither (image *src, image *dest); Input: (src) source b/w image Output: (dest) destination b/w image Semantics: The Dithering operator with a 2x2 pattern is applied to the source image and the result is written to the destination image int IPDiffer (image *current, image *last, image *dest); Input: (current) the current b/w image (last) the last read b/w image Output: (dest) destination b/w image Semantics: Calculate the grey level difference at each pixel position between current and last image, and store the result in destination. int IPColor2Grey (colimage *src, image *dest); Input: (src) source color image Output: (dest) destination b/w image Semantics: Convert RGB color image given as source to 8-bit grey level image and store the result in destination.Advanced image processing functions are available as library improc. For detailed info see Improv web-page.
int KEYGetBuf (char *buf); Input: (buf) a pointer to one character Output: (buf) the keycode is written into the buffer Valid keycodes are: KEY1,KEY2,KEY3,KEY4 (keys from left to right) Semantics: Wait for a keypress and store the keycode into the buffer int KEYGet (void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) the keycode of a pressed key is returned Valid keycodes are: KEY1,KEY2,KEY3,KEY4 (keys from left to right) Semantics: Wait for a keypress and return keycode int KEYRead (void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) the keycode of a pressed key is returned or 0 if no key is pressed. Valid keycodes are: KEY1,KEY2,KEY3,KEY4 (keys from left to right) or 0 for no key. Semantics: Read keycode and return it. Function does not wait. int KEYWait (int excode); Input: (excode) the code of the key expected to be pressed Valid keycodes are: KEY1,KEY2,KEY3,KEY4 (keys from left to right) or ANYKEY. Output: NONE Semantics: Wait for a specific key
printf("Hello, World!\n");The following routines can be used for specific output functions:
int LCDPrintf(const char format[], ...); Input: format string and parameters Output: NONE Semantics: Prints text or numbers or combination of both onto LCD. This is a simplified and smaller version of standard Clib "printf". int LCDSetPrintf(int row, int column, const char format[], ...); Input: print position and format string with parameters Output: NONE Semantics: Prints text or numbers or combination of both onto LCD at specified location. Identical to calling LCDSetPos followed by LCDPrintf. int LCDClear(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Clear the LCD int LCDPutChar (char char); Input: (char) the character to be written Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given character to the current cursor position and increment cursor position int LCDSetChar (int row,int column,char char); Input: (char) the character to be written (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-15 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-6 Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given character to the given display position int LCDPutString (char *string); Input: (string) the string to be written Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given string to the current cursor position and increment cursor position int LCDSetString (int row,int column,char *string); Input: (string) the string to be written (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-15 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-6 Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given string to the given display position int LCDPutHex (int val); Input: (val) the number to be written Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number in hex format at current cursor position int LCDPutHex1 (int val); Input: (val) the number to be written (single byte 0..255) Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number as 1 hex-byte at current cursor position int LCDPutInt (int val); Input: (val) the number to be written Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number as decimal at current cursor position int LCDPutIntS (int val, int spaces); Input: (val) the number to be written (spaces) the minimal number of print spaces Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number as decimal at current cursor position using extra spaces in front if necessary int LCDPutFloat (float val); Input: (val) the number to be written Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number as floating point number at current cursor position int LCDPutFloatS (float val, int spaces, int decimals); Input: (val) the number to be written (spaces) the minimal number of print spaces (decimals) the number of decimals after the point Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given number as a floating point number at current cursor position using extra spaces in front if necessary and with specified number of decimals int LCDMode (int mode); Input: (mode) the display mode you want Valid values are: (NON)SCROLLING|(NO)CURSOR Output: NONE Semantics: Set the display to the given mode SCROLLING: the display will scroll up one line, when the right bottom corner is reached and the new cursor position will be the first column of the now blank bottom line NONSCROLLING: display output will resume in the top left corner when the bottom right corner is reached NOCURSOR: the blinking hardware cursor is not displayed at the current cursor position CURSOR: the blinking hardware cursor is displayed at the current cursor position int LCDSetPos (int row, int column); Input: (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-15 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-6 Output: NONE Semantics: Set the cursor to the given position int LCDGetPos (int *row, int *column); Input: (column) pointer to the storing place for current column. (row) pointer to the storing place for current row. Output: (*column) current column Valid values are: 0-15 (row) current row Valid values are: 0-6 Semantics: Return the current cursor position int LCDPutGraphic (image *buf); Input: (buf) pointer to a greyscale image (80*60 pixel) Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given graphic b/w to the display it will be written starting in the top left corner down to the menu line. Only 80x54 pixels will be written to the LCD, to avoid destroying the menu line. int LCDPutColorGraphic (colimage *buf); Input: (buf) pointer to a color image (80*60 pixel) Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given graphic b/w to the display it will be written starting in the top left corner down to the menu line. Only 80x54 pixels will be written to the LCD, to avoid destroying the menu line. Note: The current implementation destroys the image content. int LCDPutImage (BYTE *buf); Input: (buf) pointer to a b/w image (128*64 pixel) Output: NONE Semantics: Write the given graphic b/w to the whole display. int LCDMenu (char *string1, char *string2, char *string3,char *string4); Input: (string1) menu entry above key1 (string2) menu entry above key2 (string3) menu entry above key3 (string4) menu entry above key4 Valid Values are: - a string with max 4 characters, which clears the menu entry and writes the new one - "" : leave the menu entry untouched - " " : clear the menu entry Output: NONE Semantics: Fill the menu line with the given menu entries int LCDMenuI (int pos, char *string); Input: (pos) number of menu entry to be exchanged (1..4) (string) menu entry above key <pos> a string with max 4 characters Output: NONE Semantics: Overwrite the menu line entry at position pos with the given string int LCDSetPixel (int row, int col, int val); Input: (val) pixel operation code Valid codes are: 0 = clear pixel 1 = set pixel 2 = invert pixel (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-127 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-63 Output: NONE Semantics: Apply the given operation to the given pixel position. LCDSetPixel(row, col, 2) is the same as LCDInvertPixel(row, col). int LCDInvertPixel (int row, int col); Input: (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-127 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-63 Output: NONE Semantics: Invert the pixel at the given pixel position. LCDInvertPixel(row, col) is the same as LCDSetPixel(row, col, 2). int LCDGetPixel (int row, int col); Input: (column) the number of the column Valid values are: 0-127 (row) the number of the row Valid values are: 0-63 Output: (return code) the value of the pixel Valid values are: 1 for set pixel 0 for clear pixel Semantics: Return the value of the pixel at the given position int LCDLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int col) Input: (x1,y1) (x2,y2) and color Output: NONE Semantics: Draw a line from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) using the Bresenham Algorithm top left is 0, 0 bottom right is 127,63 color: 0 white 1 black 2 negate image contents int LCDArea(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int col) Input: (x1,y1) (x2,y2) and color Output: NONE Semantics: Fill rectangular area from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) it must hold: x1 < x2 AND y1 < y2 top left is 0, 0 bottom right is 127,63 color: 0 white 1 black 2 negate image contents
int CAMInit (int mode); Input: (mode) camera initialization mode Valid Values are: NORMAL Output: (return code) Cameraversion or Errorcode Valid values: 255 = no camera connected 254 = camera init error 0 = QuickCam V1 grayscale 16 = QuickCam V2 color 17 = EyeCam-1 (6300) 18 = EyeCam-2 (7620) 19 = EyeCam-3 (6620) Semantics: Reset and initialize connected camera Note: [Previously used to set zoom factor on Quickcam: WIDE,NORMAL,TELE] int CAMRelease (void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 0 = success -1 = error Semantics: Release all resources allocated using CAMInit(). int CAMGetFrame (image *buf); Input: (buf) a pointer to a grey scale image Output: NONE Semantics: Read an image size 62x82 from grey scale camera. Return 8 bit gray values 0 (black) .. 255 (white) int CAMGetColFrame (colimage *buf, int convert); Input: (buf) a pointer to a color image (convert) flag if image should be reduced to 8 bit gray 0 = get 24bit color image 1 = get 8bit grayscale image Output: NONE Semantics: Read an image size 82x62 from color cam and reduce it if required to 8 bit gray scale. Note: - buf needs to be a pointer to 'image' - enable conversion like this: image buffer; CAMGetColFrame((colimage*)&buffer, 1); int CAMGetFrameMono (BYTE *buf); Note: This function works only for EyeCam Input: (buf) pointer to image buffer of full size (use CAMGet) Output: (return code) 0 = success -1 = error (camera not initialized) Semantics: Reads one full gray scale image (e.g. 82x62, 176x144, 320x240) depending on camera module int CAMGetFrameRGB (BYTE *buf); Note: This function works only for EyeCam Input: (buf) pointer to image buffer of full size (use CAMGet) Output: (return code) 0 = success -1 = error (camera not initialized) Semantics: Reads one full color image in RBG format, 3 bytes per pixel, (e.g. 82x62*3, 176x144*3, 320x240*3) depending on camera module int CAMGetFrameBayer (BYTE *buf); Note: This function works only for EyeCam Input: (buf) pointer to image buffer of full size (use CAMGet) Output: (return code) 0 = success -1 = error (camera not initialized) Semantics: Reads one full color image in Bayer format, 4 bytes per pixel, (e.g. 82x62*4, 88x72*4, 160x120*4) depending on camera module int CAMSet (int para1, int para2, int para3); Note: parameters have different meanings for different cameras Input:QuickCam (para1) camera brightness (para2) camera offset (b/w camera) / hue (color camera) (para3) contrast (b/w camera) / saturation (color camera) Valid values are: 0-255 --------------------------------------------------- EyeCam (para1) frame rate in frames per second (para2) not used (para3) not used Valid values are: FPS60, FPS30, FPS15, FPS7_5, FPS3_75, FPS1_875, FPS0_9375, and FPS0_46875. For the VV6300/VV6301, the default is FPS7_5. For the OV6620, the default is FPS1_875. For the OV7620, the default is FPS0_48375. Output: NONE Semantics: Set camera parameters int CAMGet (int *para1, int *para2 ,int *para3); Note: parameters have different meanings for different cameras Input:QuickCam (para1) pointer for camera brightness (para2) pointer for offset (b/w camera) / hue (color camera) (para3) pointer for contrast (b/w camera) / saturation (color cam) Valid values are: 0-255 --------------------------------------------------- EyeCam (para1) frame rate in frames per second (para2) full image width (para3) full image height Output: NONE Semantics: Get camera hardware parameters int CAMMode (int mode); Input: (mode) the camera mode you want Valid values are: (NO)AUTOBRIGHTNESS Output: NONE Semantics: Set the display to the given mode AUTOBRIGHTNESS: the brightness value of the camera is automatically adjusted NOAUTOBRIGHTNESS: the brightness value is not automatically adjusted This function is not implemented in the FIFO-enabled EyeCam driver.
miscellaneous: -------------- char *OSVersion(void); Input: NONE Output: OS version Semantics: Returns string containing running RoBIOS version. Example: "3.1b" int OSError(char *msg,int number,BOOL dead); Input: (msg) pointer to message (number) int number (dead) switch to choose deadend or keywait Valid values are: 0 = no deadend 1 = deadend Output: NONE Semantics: Print message and number to display then stop processor (deadend) or wait for key int OSMachineType(void); Input: NONE Output: Type of used hardware Valid values are: VEHICLE, PLATFORM, WALKER Semantics: Inform the user in which environment the program runs. int OSMachineSpeed(void); Input: NONE Output: actual clockrate of CPU in Hz Semantics: Inform the user how fast the processor runs. char* OSMachineName(void); Input: NONE Output: Name of actual Eyebot Semantics: Inform the user with which name the Eyebot is titled (entered in HDT). unsigned char OSMachineID(void); Input: NONE Output: ID of actual Eyebot Semantics: Inform the user with which ID the Eyebot is titled (entered in HDT). interrupts: ----------- int OSEnable (void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Enable all cpu-interrupts int OSDisable (void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Disable all cpu-interrupts variable save to tpuram: ------------------------ int OSGetVar(int num); *) Input: (num) number of tpupram save location Valid values are: SAVEVAR1-4 for word saving SAVEVAR1a-4a/1b-4b for byte saving Output: (return code) the value saved Valid values are: 0-65535 for word saving 0-255 for byte saving Semantics: Get the value from the given save location int OSPutVar(int num, int value); *) Input: (num) number of tpupram save location Valid values are: SAVEVAR1-4 for word saving SAVEVAR1a-4a/1b-4b for byte saving (value) value to be stored Valid values are: 0-65535 for word saving 0-255 for byte saving Output: NONE Semantics: Save the value to the given save location *) SAVEVAR1-3 already occupied by RoBiOS
int OSMTInit(BYTE mode); Input: (mode) operation mode Valid values are: COOP=DEFAULT,PREEMPT Output: NONE Semantics: Initialize multithreading environment struct tcb *OSSpawn (char *name, void (*code)(void), int stksiz, int pri, int uid) Input: (name) pointer to thread name (code) thread start address (stksize) size of thread stack (pri) thread priority Valid values are: MINPRI-MAXPRI (uid) thread user id Output: (return code) pointer to initialized thread control block Semantics: Initialize new thread, tcb is initialized and inserted in scheduler queue but not set to READY int OSMTStatus(void); Input: NONE Output: PREEMPT, COOP, NOTASK Semantics: returns actual multitasking mode (preemptive, cooperative or sequential) int OSReady(struct tcb *thread); Input: (thread) pointer to thread control block Output: NONE Semantics: Set status of given thread to READY int OSSuspend(struct tcb *thread); Input: (thread) pointer to thread control block Output: NONE Semantics: Set status of given thread to SUSPEND int OSReschedule(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Choose new current thread int OSYield(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Suspend current thread and reschedule int OSRun(struct tcb *thread); Input: (thread) pointer to thread control block Output: NONE Semantics: READY given thread and reschedule int OSGetUID(thread); Input: (thread) pointer to thread control block (tcb *)0 for current thread Output: (return code) UID of thread Semantics: Get the UID of the given thread int OSKill(struct tcb *thread); Input: (thread) pointer to thread control block Output: NONE Semantics: Remove given thread and reschedule int OSExit(int code); Input: (code) exit code Output: NONE Semantics: Kill current thread with given exit code and message int OSPanic(char *msg); Input: (msg) pointer to message text Output: NONE Semantics: Dead end multithreading error, print message to display and stop processor int OSSleep(int n) Input: (n) number of 1/100 secs to sleep Output: NONE Semantics: Let current thread sleep for at least n*1/100 seconds. In multithreaded mode, this will reschedule another thread. Outside multi-threaded mode, it will call OSWait(). int OSForbid(void) Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: disable thread switching in preemptive mode int OSPermit(void) Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: enable thread switching in preemptive mode In the functions described above the parameter "thread" can always be a pointer to a tcb or 0 for current thread.
int OSSemInit(struct sem *sem,int val); Input: (sem) pointer to a semaphore (val) start value Output: NONE Semantics: Initialize semaphore with given start value int OSSemP(struct sem *sem); Input: (sem) pointer to a semaphore Output: NONE Semantics: Do semaphore P (down) operation int OSSemV(struct sem *sem); Input: (sem) pointer to a semaphore Output: NONE Semantics: Do semaphore V (up) operation
int OSSetTime(int hrs,int mins,int secs); Input: (hrs) value for hours (mins) value for minutes (secs) value for seconds Output: NONE Semantics: Set system clock to given time int OSGetTime(int *hrs,int *mins,int *secs,int *ticks); Input: (hrs) pointer to int for hours (mins) pointer to int for minutes (secs) pointer to int for seconds (ticks) pointer to int for ticks Output: (hrs) value of hours (mins) value of minutes (secs) value of seconds (ticks) value of ticks Semantics: Get system time, one second has 100 ticks int OSShowTime(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Print system time to display int OSGetCount(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) number of 1/100 seconds since last reset Semantics: Get the number of 1/100 seconds since last reset. Type int is 32 bits, so this value will wrap around after ~248 days. int OSWait (int n); Input: (n) time to wait Output: NONE Semantics: Busy loop for n*1/100 seconds. timer-irq: ---------- TimerHandle OSAttachTimer(int scale, TimerFnc function); Input: (scale) prescale value for 100Hz Timer (1 to ...) (TimerFnc) function to be called periodically Output: (TimerHandle) handle to reference the IRQ-slot A value of 0 indicates an error due to a full list(max. 16). Semantics: Attach irq-routine (void function(void)) to the irq-list. The scale parameter adjusts the call frequency (100/scale Hz) of this routine to allow many different applications. Note: Execution time of any attached routine (and total time of all attached routines) has to be significantly < 10ms. Otherwise timer interrupts will be missed and motor/sensor- timing gets corrupted. int OSDetachTimer(TimerHandle handle) Input: (handle) handle of a previous installed timer irq Output: 0 = handle not valid 1 = function successfully removed from timer irq list Semantics: Detach a previously installed irq-routine from the irq-list.
int OSDownload(char *name,int *bytes,int baud,int handshake,int interface); **) Input: (name) pointer to program name array (bytes) pointer to bytes transferred int (baud) baud rate selection Valid values are: SER4800,SER9600,SER19200,SER38400,SER57600, SER115200(only SERIAL2-3, SERIAL1 depending on CPU-Freq.) (handshake) handshake selection Valid values are: NONE, RTSCTS, IRDA (IRDA only SERIAL2/3) (interface): serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = no error, download incomplete - call again 99 = download complete 1 = receive timeout error 2 = receive status error 3 = send timeout error 5 = srec checksum error 6 = user canceled error 7 = unknown srecord error 8 = illegal baud rate error 9 = illegal startadr. error 10 = illegal interface Semantics: Load user program with the given serial setting and get name of program. This function must be called in a loop until the return code is !=0. In the loop the bytes that have been transferred already can be calculated from the bytes that have been transferred in this round. int OSInitRS232(int baud,int handshake,int interface); Input: (baud) baud rate selection Valid values are: SER4800,SER9600,SER19200,SER38400,SER57600,SER115200 (handshake) handshake selection Valid values are: NONE,RTSCTS, IRDA (IRDA only SERIAL2/3) (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = ok 8 = illegal baud rate error 10 = illegal interface Semantics: Initialize rs232 with given setting int OSSendCharRS232(char chr,int interface); Input: (chr) character to send (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = good 3 = send timeout error 10 = illegal interface Semantics: Send a character over rs232 int OSSendRS232(char *chr,int interface); Input: (chr) pointer to character to send (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = good 3 = send timeout error 10 = illegal interface Semantics: Send a character over rs232. Use OSSendCharRS232() instead. This function will be removed in the future. int OSRecvRS232(char *buf,int interface); Input: (buf) pointer to a character array (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = good 1 = receive timeout error 2 = receive status error 10 = illegal interface Semantics: Receive a character over rs232 int OSFlushInRS232(int interface); Input: (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = good 10 = illegal interface Semantics: resets status of receiver and flushes its FIFO. Very useful in NOHANDSHAKE-mode to bring the FIFO in a defined condition before starting to receive int OSFlushOutRS232(int interface); Input: (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) 0 = good 10 = illegal interface Semantics: flushes the transmitter-FIFO. Very useful to abort current transmission to host (ex: in the case of a not responding host) int OSCheckInRS232(int interface); Input: (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) >0 : the number of chars currently available in FIFO <0 : 0xffffff02 receive status error (no chars available) 0xffffff0a illegal interface Semantics: useful to read out only packages of a certain size int OSCheckOutRS232(int interface); Input: (interface) serial interface Valid values are: SERIAL1-3 Output: (return code) >0 : the number of chars currently waiting in FIFO <0 : 0xffffff0a illegal interface Semantics: useful to test if the host is receiving properly or to time transmission of packages in the speed the host can keep up with int USRStart(void); **) Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Start loaded user program. int USRResident(char *name, BOOL mode); **) Input: (name) pointer to name array (mode) mode Valid values are: SET,GET Output: NONE Semantics: Make loaded user program reset resistant SET save startaddress and program name. GET restore startaddress and program name. **) this function must not be used in user programs !!!!
int AUPlaySample(char* sample); Input: (sample) pointer to sample data Output: (return code) playfrequency for given sample 0 if unsupported sampletype Semantics: Plays a given sample (nonblocking) supported formats are: WAV or AU/SND (8bit, pwm or mulaw) 5461, 6553, 8192, 10922, 16384, 32768 (Hz) int AUCheckSample(void); Input: NONE Output: FALSE while sample is playing Semantics: nonblocking test for sampleend int AUTone(int freq, int msec); Input: (freq) tone frequency (msecs) tone length Output: NONE Semantics: Plays tone with given frequency for the given time (nonblocking) supported formats are: freq = 65 Hz to 21000 Hz msecs = 1 msec to 65535 msecs int AUCheckTone(void); Input: NONE Output: FALSE while tone is playing Semantics: nonblocking test for toneend int AUBeep(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: BEEP! int AURecordSample(BYTE* buf, long len, long freq); Input: (buf) pointer to buffer (len) bytes to sample + 28 bytes header (freq) desired samplefrequency Output: (return code) real samplefrequency Semantics: Samples from microphone into buffer with given frequency (nonblocking) Recordformat: AU/SND (pwm) with unsigned 8bit samples int AUCheckRecord(void); Input: NONE Output: FALSE while recording Semantics: nonblocking test for recordend int AUCaptureMic(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) microphone value (10bit) Semantics: Get microphone input value
PSDHandle PSDInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) unique definition for desired PSD (see hdt.h) Output: (return code) unique handle for all further operations Semantics: Initialize single PSD with given semantics Up to 8 PSDs can be initialized int PSDRelease(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Stops all measurings and releases all initialized PSDs int PSDStart(PSDHandle bitmask, BOOL cycle); Input: (bitmask) bitwise-or of all handles to which parallel measuring should be applied (cycle) TRUE = continuous measuring FALSE = single measuring Output: (return code) status of start-request -1 = error (false handle) 0 = ok 1 = busy (another measuring blocks driver) Semantics: Starts a single/continuous PSD-measuring. Continuous gives new measurement ca. every 60ms. int PSDStop(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Stops actual continuous PSD-measuring after completion of the current shot BOOL PSDCheck(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) TRUE if a valid result is available Semantics: nonblocking test if a valid PSD-result is available int PSDGet(PSDHandle handle); Input: (handle) handle of the desired PSD 0 for timestamp of actual measure-cycle Output: (return code) actual distance in mm (converted through internal table) Semantics: Delivers actual timestamp or distance measured by the selected PSD. If the raw reading is out of range for the given sensor, PSD_OUT_OF_RANGE(=9999) is returned. int PSDGetRaw(PSDHandle handle); Input: (handle) handle of the desired PSD 0 for timestamp of actual measure-cycle Output: (return code) actual raw-data (not converted) Semantics: Delivers actual timestamp or raw-data measured by the selected PSD
ServoHandle SERVOInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) semantic (see hdt.h) Output: (return code) ServoHandle Semantics: Initialize given servo int SERVORelease (ServoHandle handle) Input: (handle) bitwise-or of all ServoHandles which should be released Output: (return code) 0 = ok errors (nothing is released): 0x11110000 = totally wrong handle 0x0000xxxx = the handle parameter in which only those bits remained set that are connected to a releasable TPU-channel Semantics: Release given servos int SERVOSet (ServoHandle handle,int angle); Input: (handle) bitwise-or of all ServoHandles which should be set in parallel (angle) servo angle valid values: 0-255 Output: (return code) 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Set the given servos to the same given angle MotorHandle MOTORInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) semantic (see hdt.h) Output: (return code) MotorHandle Semantics: Initialize given motor int MOTORRelease (MotorHandle handle) Input: (handle) logical-or of all MotorHandles which should be released Output: (return code) 0 = ok errors (nothing is released): 0x11110000 = totally wrong handle 0x0000xxxx = the handle parameter in which only those bits remained set that are connected to a releasable TPU-channel Semantics: Release given motor int MOTORDrive (MotorHandle handle,int speed); Input: (handle) logical-or of all MotorHandles which should be driven (speed) motor speed in percent Valid values: -100 - 100 (full backward to full forward) 0 for full stop Output: (return code) 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Set the given motors to the same given speed QuadHandle QUADInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) semantic Output: (return code) QuadHandle or 0 for error Semantics: Initialize given Quadrature-Decoder (up to 8 decoders are possible) int QUADRelease(QuadHandle handle); Input: (handle) logical-or of decoder-handles to be released Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Release one or more Quadrature-Decoder int QUADReset(QuadHandle handle); Input: (handle) logical-or of decoder-handles to be reseted Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Reset one or more Quadrature-Decoder int QUADRead(QuadHandle handle); Input: (handle) ONE decoder-handle Output: 32bit counter-value (-2^31 .. 2^31-1) Semantics: Read actual Quadrature-Decoder counter, initially zero. Note: A wrong handle will ALSO result in a 0 counter value!! DeviceSemantics QUADGetMotor(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (handle) ONE decoder-handle Output: semantic of the corresponding motor 0 = wrong handle Semantics: Get the semantic of the corresponding motor float QUADODORead(QuadHandle handle); Input: (handle) ONE decoder-handle Output: meters since last odometer-reset Semantics: Get the distance from the last reset point of a single motor. This is not the overall distance driven since the last reset, but the distance to the start point. int QUADODOReset(QuadHandle handle); Input: (handle) logical-or of decoder-handles to be reseted Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Resets the simple odometer(s) to define the startpoint
Data Types: typedef float meterPerSec; typedef float radPerSec; typedef float meter; typedef float radians; typedef struct { meter x; meter y; radians phi; } PositionType; typedef struct { meterPerSec v; radPerSec w; } SpeedType; VWHandle VWInit(DeviceSemantics semantics, int Timescale); Input: (semantics) semantic (Timescale) prescale value for 100Hz IRQ (1 to ...) Output: (return code) VWHandle or 0 for error Semantics: Initialize given VW-Driver (only 1 can be initialized!) The motors and encoders are automatically reserved!! The Timescale allows to adjust the tradeoff between accuracy (scale=1, update at 100Hz) and speed(scale>1, update at 100/scale Hz). int VWRelease(VWHandle handle); Input: (handle) VWHandle to be released Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Release VW-Driver, stop motors int VWSetSpeed(VWHandle handle, meterPerSec v, radPerSec w); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (v) new linear speed (w) new rotation speed Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Set the new speed: v(m/s) and w(rad/s not degree/s) int VWGetSpeed(VWHandle handle, SpeedType* vw); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (vw) pointer to record to store actual v, w values Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Get the actual speed: v(m/s) and w(rad/s not degree/s) int VWSetPosition(VWHandle handle, meter x, meter y, radians phi); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (x) new x-position (y) new y-position (phi) new heading Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Set the new position: x(m), y(m) phi(rad not degree) int VWGetPosition(VWHandle handle, PositionType* pos); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (pos) pointer to record to store actual position (x,y,phi) Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Get the actual position: x(m), y(m) phi(rad not degree) int VWStartControl(VWHandle handle, float Vv, float Tv, float Vw, float Tw); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (Vv) the parameter for the proportional component of the v-controller (Tv) the parameter for the integrating component of the v-controller (Vw) the parameter for the proportional component of the w-controller (Tv) the parameter for the integrating component of the w-controller Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Enable the PI-controller for the vw-interface and set the parameters. As default the PI-controller is deactivated when the vw-interface is initialized. The controller tries to keep the desired speed (set with VWSetSpeed) stable by adapting the energy of the involved motors. The parameters for the controller have to be choosen carefully! The formula for the controller is: t new(t) = V*(diff(t) + 1/T * Int( diff(t)dt ) 0 Recommended setting: VWStartControl(vw, 7.0, 0.3, 7.0, 0.1); V: a value typically around 7.0 T: a value typically between 0 and 1.0 After enabling the controller the last set speed (VWSetSpeed) is taken as the speed to be held stable. int VWStopControl(VWHandle handle); Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Disable the controller immediately. The vw-interface continues normally with the last valid speed of the controller. int VWDriveStraight(VWHandle handle, meter delta, meterpersec v) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (delta) distance to drive in m (pos. -> forward) (neg. -> backward) (v) speed to drive with (always positive!) Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Drives distance "delta" with speed v straight ahead (forward or backward) any subsequent call of VWDriveStraight, -Turn, -Curve or VWSetSpeed while this one is still being executed, results in an immediate interruption of this command int VWDriveTurn(VWHandle handle, radians delta, radPerSec w) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (delta) degree to turn in radians (pos. -> counter-clockwise) (neg. -> clockwise) (w) speed to turn with (always positive!) Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Turns about "delta" with speed w on the spot (clockwise or counter-clockwise) any subsequent call of VWDriveStraight, -Turn, -Curve or VWSetSpeed while this one is still being executed, results in an immediate interruption of this command int VWDriveCurve(VWHandle handle, meter delta_l, radians delta_phi, meterpersec v) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle (delta_l) length of curve_segment to drive in m (pos. -> forward) (neg. -> backward) (delta_phi) degree to turn in radians (pos. -> counter-clockwise) (neg. -> clockwise) (v) speed to drive with (always positive!) Output: 0 = ok -1 = error wrong handle Semantics: Drives a curve segment of length "delta_l" with overall vehicle turn of "delta_phi" with speed v (forw. or backw. / clockw. or counter-clockw.). any subsequent call of VWDriveStraight, -Turn, -Curve or VWSetSpeed while this one is still being executed, results in an immediate interruption of this command float VWDriveRemain(VWHandle handle) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle Output: 0.0 = previous VWDriveX command has been completed any other value = remaining distance to goal Semantics: Remaining distance to goal set by VWDriveStraight, -Turn (for -Curve only the remaining part of delta_l is reported) int VWDriveDone(VWHandle handle) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle Output: -1 = error wrong handle 0 = vehicle is still in motion 1 = previous VWDriveX command has been completed Semantics: Checks if previous VWDriveX() command has been completed int VWDriveWait(VWHandle handle) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle Output: -1 = error wrong handle 0 = previous VWDriveX command has been completed Semantics: Blocks the calling process until the previous VWDriveX() command has been completed int VWStalled(VWHandle handle) Input: (handle) ONE VWHandle Output: -1 = error wrong handle 0 = vehicle is still in motion or no motion command is active 1 = at least one vehicle motor is stalled during VW driving command Semantics: Checks if at least one of the vehicle's motors is stalled right now
BumpHandle BUMPInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) semantic Output: (return code) BumpHandle or 0 for error Semantics: Initialize given bumper (up to 16 bumpers are possible) int BUMPRelease(BumpHandle handle); Input: (handle) logical-or of bumper-handles to be released Output: (return code) 0 = ok errors (nothing is released): 0x11110000 = totally wrong handle 0x0000xxxx = the handle parameter in which only those bits remained set that are connected to a releasable TPU-channel Semantics: Release one or more bumper int BUMPCheck(BumpHandle handle, int* timestamp); Input: (handle) ONE bumper-handle (timestamp) pointer to an int where the timestamp is placed Output: (return code) 0 = bump occurred, in *timestamp is now a valid stamp -1 = no bump occurred or wrong handle, *timestamp is cleared Semantics: Check occurrence of a single bump and return the timestamp(TPU). The first bump is recorded and held until BUMPCheck is called. IRHandle IRInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) semantics Output: (return code) IRHandle or 0 for error Semantics: Initialize given IR-sensor (up to 16 sensors are possible) int IRRelease(IRHandle handle); Input: (handle) logical-or of IR-handles to be released Output: (return code) 0 = ok errors (nothing is released): 0x11110000 = totally wrong handle 0x0000xxxx = the handle parameter in which only those bits remained set that are connected to a releasable TPU-channel Semantics: Release one or more IR-sensors int IRRead(IRHandle handle); Input: (handle) ONE IR-handle Output: (return code) 0/1 = actual pinstate of the TPU-channel -1 = wrong handle Semantics: Read actual state of the IR-sensor
BYTE OSReadInLatch(int latchnr); Input: (latchnr) number of desired Inlatch (range: 0..3) Output: actual state of this inlatch Semantics: Reads contents of selected inlatch BYTE OSWriteOutLatch(int latchnr, BYTE mask, BYTE value); Input: (latchnr) number of desired Outlatch (range: 0..3) (mask) and-bitmask of pins which should be cleared (inverse!) (value) or-bitmask of pins which should be set Output: previous state of this outlatch Semantics: Modifies an outlatch and keeps global state consistent example: OSWriteOutLatch(0, 0xF7, 0x08); sets bit4 example: OSWriteOutLatch(0, 0xF7, 0x00); clears bit4 BYTE OSReadOutLatch(int latchnr); Input: (latchnr) number of desired Outlatch (range: 0..3) Output: actual state of this outlatch Semantics: Reads global copy of outlatch
BYTE OSReadParData(void); Input: NONE Output: actual state of the 8bit dataport Semantics: Reads contents of parallelport (active high) void OSWriteParData(BYTE value); Input: (value) new output-data Output: NONE Semantics: Writes out new data to parallelport (active high) BYTE OSReadParSR(void); Input: NONE Output: actual state of the 5 status pins Semantics: Reads state of the 5 status pins (active-high!) BUSY(4), ACK(3), PE(2), SLCT(1), ERROR(0) void OSWriteParCTRL(BYTE value); Input: (value) new ctrl-pin-output (4bits) Output: NONE Semantics: Writes out new ctrl-pin states (active high!) SLCTIN(3), INT(2), AUTOFDXT(1), STROBE(0) BYTE OSReadParCTRL(void); Input: NONE Output: actual state of the 4 ctrl-pins Semantics: Reads state of the 4 ctrl-pins (active-high!) SLCTIN(3), INT(2), AUTOFDXT(1), STROBE(0)
int OSGetAD(int channel); Input: (channel) desired AD-channel range: 0..15 Output: (return code) 10 bit sampled value Semantics: Captures one single 10bit value from specified AD-channel. The return value is stored in the least significant bits of the 32 bit return value. int OSOffAD(int mode); Input: (mode) 0 = full powerdown 1 = fast powerdown Output: NONE Semantics: Powers down the 2 AD-converters (saves energy). A call of OSGetAD awakens the AD-converter again
"EyeNet" network among arbitrary number of EyeBots and optional workstation host. Network operates as virtual token ring and has fault tolerant aspects. A net Master is negotiated autonomously, new EyeBots will automatically be integrated into the net by "wildcard" messages, and dropped out EyeBots will be eliminated from the network. This network uses a RS232 interface and can be run over cable or wireless.
The communication is 8-bit clean and all packets are sent with checksums to detect transmittion errors. The communication is unreliable, meaning there is no retransmit on error and delivery of packets are not guaranteed.
int RADIOInit(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 0 = OK Semantics: Initializes and starts the radio communication. int RADIOTerm(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 0 = OK Semantics: Terminate network operation. int RADIOSend(BYTE id, int byteCount, BYTE* buffer); Input: (id) the EyeBot ID number of the message destination (byteCount) message length (buffer) message contents Output: (return code) 0 = OK 1 = send buffer is full or message is too long. Semantics: Send message to another EyeBot. Send is buffered, so the sending process can continue while the message is sent in the background. Message length must be below or equal to MSGMAXLEN. Messages are broadcasted by sending them to the special id BROADCAST. int RADIOCheck(void); Input: NONE Output: returns the number of user messages in the buffer Semantics: Function returns the number of buffered messages. This function should be called before receiving, if blocking is to be avoided. int RADIORecv(BYTE* id, int* bytesReceived, BYTE* buffer); Input: NONE Output: (id) EyeBot ID number of the message source (bytesReceived) message length (buffer) message contents Semantics: Returns the next message buffered. Messages are returned in the order they are received. Receive will block the calling process if no message has been received until the next one comes in. The buffer must have room for MSGMAXLEN bytes. Data Types: struct RadioIOParameters { int interface; /* SERIAL1, SERIAL2 or SERIAL3 */ int speed; /* SER4800,SER9600,SER19200,SER38400,SER57600,SER115200 */ int id; /* machine id */ int remoteOn; /* non-zero if remote control is active */ int imageTransfer; /* if remote on: 0 off, 2 full, 1 reduced */ int debug; /* 0 off, 1..100 level of debugging spew */ }; struct RadioStatus { BYTE master; /* EyeBot ID */ BOOL active[MAXEYE];/* shows who is active at the moment */ }; void RADIOGetIoctl(RadioIOParameters* radioParams); Input: NONE Output: (radioParams) current radio parameter settings Semantics: Reads out current radio parameter settings. void RADIOSetIoctl(RadioIOParameters* radioParams); Input: (radioParams) new radio parameter settings Output: NONE Semantics: Changes radio parameter settings. This should be done before calling RADIOInit(). int RADIOGetStatus(RadioStatus *status); Input: NONE Output: (status) current radio communication status. Semantics: Return current status info from RADIO communication.
compass_type compass = {0,13,(void*)OutBase, 5,(void*)OutBase, 6, (BYTE*)InBase, 5}; HDT_entry_type HDT[] = { ... {COMPASS,COMPASS,"COMPAS",(void *)&compass}, ... };
int COMPASSInit(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: Unique definition for desired COMPASS (see hdt.h) Output: (return code) 0 = OK 1 = error Semantics: Initialize digital compass device int COMPASSStart(BOOL cycle); Input: (cycle) 1 for cyclic mode 0 for single measurement Output: (return code) 1 = module has already been started 0 = OK Semantics: This function starts the measurement of the actual heading. The cycle parameter chooses the operation mode of the compass-module. In cyclic mode (1), the compass delivers as fast as possible the actual heading without pause. In normal mode (0) a single measurement is requested and allows the module to go back to sleep mode afterwards. int COMPASSCheck(); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 1 = result is ready 0 = result is not yet ready Semantics: If a single shot was requested this function allows to check if the result is already available. In the cyclic mode this function is useless because it always indicates 'busy'. Usually a user uses a loop to wait for a result: int heading; COMPASSStart(FALSE); while(!COMPASSCheck()); //In single tasking! Otherwise yield to other tasks heading = COMPASSGet(); int COMPASSStop(); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 0 = OK 1 = error Semantics: To stop the initiated cyclic measurement this function WAITS for the current measurement to be finished and stops the module. This function therefore will return after 100msec at latest or will deadlock if no compass module is connected to the EyeBot! int COMPASSRelease(); Input: NONE Output: (return code) 0 = OK 1 = error Semantics: This function shuts down the driver and aborts any ongoing measurement directly. int COMPASSGet(); Input: NONE Output: (return code) Compass heading data: [0..359] -1 = no heading has been calculated yet (wait after initializing). Semantics: This function delivers the actual compass heading. int COMPASSCalibrate(int mode); Input: (mode) 0 to reset calibration data of compass module (requires about 0.8s) 1 to perform normal calibration. Output: (return code) 0 = OK 1 = error Semantics: This function has two tasks. With mode=0 it resets the calibration data of the compass module. With mode=1 the normal calibration is performed. It has to be called twice (first at any position, second at 180degree to the first position). Normally you will perform the following steps: COMPASSCalibrate(1); VWDriveTurn(VWHandle handle, M_PI, speed); // turn EyeBot 180deg in place COMPASSCalibrate(1);
#include "irtv.h" /* only required for HDT files */ #include "IRnokia.h"
/* infrared remote control on Servo S10 (TPU11)*/ irtv_type irtv = {1, 11, TPU_HIGH_PRIO, REMOTE_ON, SPACE_CODE, 15, 0x0000, 0x03FF, DEFAULT_MODE, 1, -1, RC_RED, RC_GREEN, RC_YELLOW, RC_BLUE}; HDT_entry_type HDT[] = { ... {IRTV,IRTV,"IRTV",(void *)&irtv}, ... };
int IRTVInitHDT(DeviceSemantics semantics); Input: (semantics) unique definition for desired IRTV (see hdt.h) Output: (return code) 0 = ok 1 = illegal type or mode (in HDT IRTV entry) 2 = invalid or missing "IRTV" HDT entry for this semantics Semantics: Initializes the IR remote control decoder by calling IRTVInit() with the parameters found in the corresponding HDT entry. Using this function applications are independant of the used remote control since the defining parameters are located in the HDT. int IRTVInit(int type, int length, int tog_mask, int inv_mask, int mode, int bufsize, int delay); Input: (type) the used code type Valid values are: SPACE_CODE, PULSE_CODE, MANCHESTER_CODE, RAW_CODE (length) code length (number of bits) (tog_mask) the bitmask that selects the "toggle bits" in a code (bits that change when the same key is pressed repeatedly) (inv_mask) the bitmask that selects the inverted bits in a code (for remote controls with alternating codes) (mode) operation mode Valid values are: DEFAULT_MODE, SLOPPY_MODE, REPCODE_MODE (bufsize) size of the internal code buffer Valid values are: 1-4 (delay) key repetition delay >0: number of 1/100 sec (should be >20) -1: no repetition Output: (return code) 0 = ok 1 = illegal type or mode 2 = invalid or missing "IRTV" HDT entry Semantics: Initializes the IR remote control decoder. To find out the correct values for the "type", "length", "tog_mask", "inv_mask" and "mode" parameters, use the IR remote control analyzer program (IRCA). SLOPPY_MODE can be used as an alternative to DEFAULT_MODE. In default mode, at least two consecutive identical code sequences must be received before the code becomes valid. When using sloppy mode, no error check is performed, and every code becomes valid immediately. This reduces the delay between pressing the key and the reaction. With remote controls that use a special repetition coding, REPCODE_MODE must be used (as suggested by the analyzer). Typical parameters | Nokia (VCN 620) | RC5 (Philips) -------------------+--------------------------+---------------- type | SPACE_CODE | MANCHESTER_CODE length | 15 | 14 tog_mask | 0 | 0x800 inv_mask | 0x3FF | 0 mode | DEFAULT_MODE/SLOPPY_MODE | DEFAULT_MODE/SLOPPY_MODE The type setting RAW_CODE is intended for code analysis only. If RAW_CODE is specified, all of the other parameters should be set to 0. Raw codes must be handled by using the IRTVGetRaw and IRTVDecodeRaw functions. void IRTVTerm(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: Terminates the remote control decoder and releases the occupied TPU channel. int IRTVPressed(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) Code of the remote key that is currently being pressed 0 = no key Semantics: Directly reads the current remote key code. Does not touch the code buffer. Does not wait. int IRTVRead(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) Next code from the buffer 0 = no key Semantics: Reads and removes the next key code from the code buffer. Does not wait. int IRTVGet(void); Input: NONE Output: (return code) Next code from the buffer (!=0) Semantics: Reads and removes the next key code from the code buffer. If the buffer is empty, the function waits until a remote key is pressed. void IRTVFlush(void); Input: NONE Output: NONE Semantics: The code buffer is emptied. void IRTVGetRaw(int bits[2], int *count, int *duration, int *id, int *clock); Input: NONE Output: (bits) contains the raw code bit #0 in bits[0] represents the 1st pulse in code sequence bit #0 in bits[1] represents the 1st space bit #1 in bits[0] represents the 2nd pulse bit #1 in bits[1] represents the 2nd space ... A cleared bit stands for a short signal, a set bit for a long signal. (count) the number of signals (= pulses + spaces) received (duration) the logical duration of the code sequence duration = (number of short signals) + 2 * (number of long signals) (id) a unique ID for the current code (incremented by 1 each time) (clock) the time when the code was received Semantics: Returns information about the last received raw code. Works only if type setting == RAW_CODE. int IRTVDecodeRaw(const int bits[2], int count, int type); Input: (bits) raw code to be decoded (see IRTVGetRaw) (count) number of signals (= pulses + spaces) in raw code (type) the decoding method Valid values are: SPACE_CODE, PULSE_CODE, MANCHESTER_CODE Output: (return code) The decoded value (0 on an illegal Manchester code) Semantics: Decodes the raw code using the given method.